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Percnon gibbesi, commonly known as the Sally Lightfoot Crab or Nimble Spray Crab, is a marine crab species characterized by its very flat, thin, and wide carapace (shell). It has a distinctive red to brown coloration, sometimes with fine green marbling, and legs with yellow rings at the joints. Adults can reach a carapace width of about 30 millimeters (1.2 inches). They are known for their agility and speed, especially in their natural rocky habitat.  Physical Characteristics: Carapace: Flat and thin, with a width of about 30mm.  Coloration: Varies from red to brown, sometimes with green marbling.  Legs: Long and flattened, with yellow rings at the joints.  Spines: Each of the five pairs of walking legs has a row of spines along the leading edge.  Habitat and Behavior: Percnon gibbesi is native to the Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the Canary Islands.  It is considered an invasive species in many parts of the Mediterranean.  It is commonly found in rocky, intertidal and subtidal zones, often hiding under rocks and in crevices.  They are known for their scavenging behavior, feeding on algae, detritus, and small invertebrates.  While generally reef-safe, larger individuals can become aggressive and may prey on small fish and other invertebrates

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Nardoa galatheae, commonly known as the brown mesh sea star or green sea star, is a species of sea star belonging to the Ophidiasteridae family. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region, typically inhabiting coral reefs and rocky substrates at depths less than 30 meters. These sea stars are omnivores, feeding on detritus, small invertebrates, and algae.  Key Features of Nardoa galatheae: Appearance: They have a characteristic five-armed formation with a mottled, greenish-brown color.  Habitat: N. galatheae prefers shallow rocky reefs, sandy substrates, and areas with live rock containing algae.  Diet: They feed on detritus, small microbes, algae, and may also consume small invertebrates.  Aquarium Care: These sea stars are not tolerant of sudden changes in water chemistry and should be drip-acclimated. They also cannot tolerate copper-based medications.  Size: They typically grow to an average of 25 cm in diameter.  Distribution: They are found in the Indo-Pacific region. 

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Condylactis gigantea, also known as the Giant Caribbean Sea Anemone or Atlantic Anemone, is a large, columnar anemone found in shallow waters of the Caribbean Sea and western Atlantic Ocean. These anemones can be white, light blue, pink, orange, pale red, or light brown, with numerous tentacles, each often having a pink, scarlet, blue, or green-ringed tip. They can grow to be over 30 cm in diameter.  Key Features: Size and Shape: Large, columnar body with a large diameter.  Color: Can be white, light blue, pink, orange, pale red, or light brown.  Tentacles: Numerous tentacles, often with colored tips.  Habitat: Shallow reefs, grass beds, and lagoons in the Caribbean and western Atlantic.  Diet: Carnivorous, feeding on small invertebrates, fish, shrimp, and zooplankton.  Reproduction: Dioecious (separate sexes) with a primary mating season in spring.  Defensive Mechanism: Possesses cnidocysts (stinging cells) on the tips of its tentacles. 

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Pusiostoma, commonly known as the Bumble Bee Snail, is a small, striking marine gastropod mollusk with a distinctive black and yellow striped shell. These snails are native to the Indo-Pacific region and are known for their scavenging abilities and ability to fit into tight spaces. They are a popular addition to reef aquariums for their beauty and helpfulness in maintaining tank cleanliness.  Here's a more detailed look: Appearance: The Bumble Bee Snail's shell has a white or yellowish background with several black, transverse bands, mimicking the colors of a bumblebee. It's a small snail, typically ranging from 1 to 2 cm in length.  Habitat: These snails are found in tropical and subtropical waters, primarily in rocky and reef environments.  Diet: Bumble Bee Snails are known to be algivores, meaning they feed primarily on algae, detritus, and uneaten food. They are also known to eat vermetid snails.  Behavior: They are generally peaceful and are considered reef-safe, making them a good addition to reef aquariums. They are also known to be nocturnal and can be found hiding in crevices.  Care: They are considered moderately hardy, but require stable water parameters, including temperature, salinity, and pH.  Breeding: Breeding in captivity is not well-documented, but they are known to lay eggs above the waterline

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The Trochus histrio, commonly known as the Banded Trochus Snail, is a marine snail with a pale gray, pyramid-shaped shell adorned with maroon bands. It's a popular choice for reef aquariums due to its algae-eating habits and peaceful nature. These snails are reef-safe, coexisting well with most marine species, and are particularly effective at controlling film, diatom, and hair algae.  Here's a more detailed description: Appearance: Shell: The shell is pale gray, pyramid-shaped, and often has maroon bands or stripes.  Size: They are relatively small, typically reaching up to 1.5 inches in length.  Foot: The foot is black, and the underside is off-white/tan.  Behavior and Diet: Algae-eating: Trochus histrio snails are herbivores, primarily feeding on various types of algae, including brown, green, hair, and filamentous algae.  Cleaning: They actively forage for algae on live rocks, glass, and other surfaces, helping to maintain a clean aquarium environment.  Peaceful: They are peaceful snails and coexist well with most reef aquarium inhabitants.  Supplementation: In aquariums with limited algae, it's beneficial to supplement their diet with algae wafers or nori sheets.  Care and Maintenance: Water Parameters: Maintain stable water conditions with temperatures between 72-78°F (23-26°C), pH levels of 8.1-8.4, and salinity around 1.023-1.025.  Acclimation: Introduce them to the aquarium gradually using a slow drip acclimation process over 1-2 hours.  Tank Size: They are suitable for nano tanks or larger setups, with a sandy substrate and rockwork for grazing.  Compatibility: They are reef-safe and generally compatible with most marine species, but should be avoided with predatory creatures like pufferfish, triggerfish, or aggressive wrasses

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Tectus snails, often called turban snails or pyrmaid snails, are marine gastropods known for their distinctive, conical shells. They are found in various parts of the Indo-Pacific Ocean and are a common sight in saltwater aquariums.  Here's a more detailed description: Shell: Shape: Conical, sometimes with a pyramidal or turreted appearance.  Color: Typically whitish, grayish, or yellowish, often mottled or marbled with green or brown.  Surface: May have fine oblique wrinkles, spiral rows of beads, or radiating tubercles (rounded protuberances).  Base: Flat and often lirate (marked with concentric ridges).  Aperture: Transverse and rhomboidal (diamond-shaped).  Whorls: Can have 9-14 whorls, which are the spirals of the shell.  Size: Varies between 17 mm and 50 mm, Other features: Columella: A short, vertical structure with a spiral fold, which is a thickening of the shell on the inner wall.  Habitat: Live in the intertidal zone and shallower waters, often found in holes and crevices of reefs.  Diet: Herbivorous, feeding on algae and biofilms on rocks and coral reefs.  In aquariums: Useful for algae control, especially for cleaning live rock and aquarium glass.  Variations: Different species of Tectus snails exhibit variations in shell color, surface texture, and other features

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Haliotis snails, commonly known as abalone, are marine gastropods characterized by their single, smooth, and ear-shaped shell. They have a strong, muscular foot that they use to cling to rocks and other surfaces. The shell exterior is often smooth and covered by the mantle, making encrustations less common. Abalone also have a distinct row of breathing holes on their shell, which can vary in number and shape depending on the species.  Shell Characteristics: Shape: Oval or elongated, with a relatively flat shell.  Surface: Smooth, with varying degrees of striations or ribs.  Color: Can range from dark green, blue, or black to reddish-brown, olive, or brown, with varying patterns and colors.  Perforations: A series of breathing holes (perforations) on the shell, typically on the left side, allow for water intake.  Inner Surface: Iridescent nacre that lines the inside of the shell, often with shades of pink, red, green, or blue.  Other Features: Foot: Large, muscular foot used for attachment to substrates and movement.  Radula: A tongue-like band with many small teeth (radula) for scraping algae.  Gills: Symmetrical and well-developed gills for respiration.  Head: Head-lobes are fimbriated, and side-lobes are also fimbriated and cirrated.  Spire: The spire (apex of the shell) can be prominent or concealed, depending on the species

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Nassarius snails are small, carnivorous marine snails with a distinctive, oval-shaped, spiral shell. They are known for their efficient scavenging of detritus, uneaten food, and other organic waste, and are helpful in cleaning up and aerating aquarium substrates.  Key features of Nassarius snails: Appearance: They have a small, oval shell, often tan or brownish in color. They also possess a long, tube-like siphon that protrudes from the sand when feeding.  Behavior: Nassarius snails are burrowers, spending most of their time under the sand and emerging when food is detected. Their burrowing helps to aerate the sand bed, which is beneficial for maintaining a healthy aquarium.  Diet: They are scavengers that feed on detritus, decaying organic matter, uneaten food, and fish waste. They do not consume algae.  Benefits: Nassarius snails are valuable additions to a clean-up crew in aquariums. They help to remove waste, aerate the substrate, and maintain a healthy environment.  Care: They are relatively easy to care for and thrive in well-established reef tanks with a deep sand bed. They require a stable environment and a varied diet, including sinking pellets and occasional meaty foods.

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