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Acanthurus pyroferus, also known as the chocolate surgeonfish or mimic surgeonfish, is a species of surgeonfish. Adults are typically dark brown or purplish-black with a yellowish tan anterior. They have a distinct orange patch at the gill opening and a prominent yellow band on the posterior margin of their caudal fin. Juveniles exhibit different color patterns that mimic other fish species like lemonpeel angelfish.  Key features of Acanthurus pyroferus: Size: They can grow up to 29 cm (11 inches) in length.  Coloration: Adults are usually dark brown to purplish-black, sometimes with a yellowish tan anterior. They have an orange patch at the gill opening and a yellow band on their tail.  Fins: The dorsal fin has 8 spines and 27-30 soft rays, while the anal fin has 3 spines and 24-28 soft rays. The tail fin edge is lunate in adults and round in juveniles.  Tail Spine: A single, depressible spine on the side of the tail base, which is part of their defense mechanism.  Diet: They are herbivores and primarily graze on algae.  Habitat: Found in reef environments, including the Indo-Pacific region, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean

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The fish is about 8 years old in perfect shape and health.

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The Doubleband Surgeonfish or Lieutenant Tang (Acanthurus tennenti), is a marine ray-finned fish in the family Acanthuridae. It is found in tropical and sub-tropical Indo-Pacific regions and can grow to be up to 50 cm (19.7") long. Physical Description The Doubleband Surgeonfish is a deep-bodied, laterally-compressed oval fish, with a body length over half its depth. It grows to an average length typically ranging between 25 cm (10 in) and 31 cm (12 in). Both male and female Doublebands are similar in appearance until they reach their breeding season, when the mature male takes on more vibrant hues or darker streaks to attract a mate. Coloration amongst the species can vary, ranging from orange-beige, olive-tan or steely grey, but can turn a dark-brown shade with hints of red or purple when stressed. A dark line runs along the base of the dorsal fin with a similar line at the base of the anal fin. There are two dark streaks behind the eye, with blackish scalpel-like scales that project from the caudal peduncle surrounded by a large black spot with a bluish border. Both dorsal and anal fins are long, extending out to the caudal peduncle. The caudal fin is crescent-shaped and continues to grow longer as the fish ages. It is rimmed by a band of bluish-white. This species has a wide range of distribution across the tropical and subtropical Indo-Pacific region, extending from East Africa and Madagascar to southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia. They mostly reside on rocks and coral reefs, on the reef slopes, and in the channels between reefs. They can be commonly found at depths between 1-40m (3-131ft) and prefer waters with temperatures between 25-29°C. Reproduction Doublebands reproduce via external fertilization. Females will approach the reef surface and begin releasing their eggs, while the males follow their trail and release sperm as a response. Once the two gametes join and the egg is fertilized, the resulting larvae will float around for a certain period in the water column until they grow out of their planktonic stage. After approximately seven weeks, the larvae return to their reef habitat to settle in. The breeding season typically spans from July to August, with physical changes in preparation for this season beginning to occur cyclically around April.  Ecology The Doubleband Surgeonfish feeds on algae growing on the seabed and detritus, as well as the algal film that grows on sand and other substrates. The juveniles tend to join other fish species to form mixed species groups. At first they may be black, or yellow with a black horseshoe-shaped eye ring, but later they resemble the adult fish, apart from the black markings behind the eye. This fish feeds in the open during the day, often in small groups with parrotfish and other species. Status This is a common fish in much of its range. It is sometimes caught for human consumption and commonly used in the aquarium trade. It is susceptible to the destruction of the reef habitats in which it lives, but is found in several marine protected areas. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".

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Acanthurus triostegus, commonly known as convict tang, manini,convict surgeonfish, convict surgeon, or fiveband surgeonfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This species has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. Taxonomy Acanthurus triostegus was first formally described in 1758 as Chaetodon triostegus by Carl Linnaeus, the description being published in the 10 edition of Systema Naturae with its type locality given as "Indies".The genus Acanthurus is one of two genera in the tribe Acanthurini which is one of three tribes in the subfamily Acanthurinae which is one of two subfamilies in the family Acanthuridae. Etymology Acanthurus triostegus was given the specific name triostegus which means "three covers", this may refer to the three branchiostegal membranes. Description The convict tang is so called because of its bold black stripes on a yellowish background. It is a laterally-compressed oval-shaped fishwith a maximum length of about 26–27 cm (10–11 in). The head is small with a pointed snout and a terminal mouth with thick lips. It has six black stripes which distinguishes it from the zebra tang (Acanthurus polyzona) which has nine, and has a more restricted range in the Indian Ocean. The first black stripe is oblique and passes through the eye. There are two black spots on the caudal peduncle, and on each side there is a sharp, retractable spine, which is used in offence or defence. Distribution and habitat Acanthurus triostegus occurs in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Its range extends from the East African coast and Madagascar to southwestern Japan, Australia and Central America, including many Pacific island groups. It is found over hard bottoms in lagoons, reef slopes, bays and estuaries. Juveniles are common in tide pools, and larger fish are found at depths down to about 90 m (300 ft). Biology Acanthurus triostegus frequently feed in the vicinity of freshwater discharges, grazing filamentous algae off the rocks.Typically these tangs graze on filamentous algae growing on coral or rocky substrates. The adults aggregate in large schools to feed and these overwhelm damselfishes attempting to defend their territories. The males and females gather in aggegations to spawn. Utilisation Acanthurus triostegus is targeted as a food fish in many parts of its range and in some areas is commercially targeted. In Hawaii it is fished for by recreational anglers and it is also caught for the aquarium trade.

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Acropora (or "Acros") are highly sought-after, fast-growing Small Polyp Stony (SPS) corals known for their brilliant colors and complex branching or plating structures.  As "crown jewels" of the reef hobby, they require intense lighting 250−600 PAR, high turnover water flow, and strict, stable water parameters, making them best for experienced aquarists. 

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Acropora corals are hard corals characterized by their branched or tabular morphology, fast growth rate, and high morphological plasticity. They are a vital functional group in coral reefs, creating complex habitats and covering hectares of reef surface.  Here's a more detailed look: Key Characteristics: Growth Pattern: Acropora corals grow in colonies, with branches formed by axial and radial polyps.  Habitat: They are typically found in shallow, clear, unpolluted water with ample light, temperature above 20°C, and constant salinity.  Morphology: Their colonies can take on various forms, including arborescent (tree-like), table-like, corymbose (cushion-like), digitate (finger-like), hispidose, and encrusting.  Importance: Acropora corals are crucial for building the structure of coral reefs and providing habitats for a variety of marine life.  Factors Affecting Acropora: Water Quality: Clear, unpolluted water is essential for growth and survival. Lighting: They require ample light for their symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) to photosynthesize. Temperature: Optimal temperatures above 20°C are needed. Salinity: Constant salinity levels are important.   

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The Amblyeleotris guttata, also known as the Spotted prawn-goby, is a small, peaceful fish typically found in pairs, often associated with Pistol shrimp. They are characterized by a pale white or grey body with orange spots and dark markings on the pelvic fins and eyes. These gobies are commensal, meaning they live in a mutually beneficial relationship with Pistol shrimp, and are considered reef-safe.  Key Characteristics of Amblyeleotris guttata: Appearance: Pale grey or white body with bright orange spots, darker pelvic fins, and black eye markings.  Commensal Relationship: They live in association with a pair of Pistol shrimp (genus Alpheus).  Diet: They are carnivores and planktonophages, with them as predators.  Temperament: Peaceful and reef-compatible.  Size: Typically reach a maximum size of 7 cm.  Origin: Native to the reef environments of the Western Pacific Ocean.  In Pairs: Spotted prawn-goby are often kept in pairs within an aquarium, and their natural behavior is to live with Pistol shrimp

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The black Amphiprion ocellaris, also known as the black storm or Darwin ocellaris clownfish, is a striking variation of the common clownfish. These clownfish are naturally jet-black with white stripes, a stark contrast to the typical orange and white coloring. They are a captive-bred variant, meaning they do not naturally exist in the wild in their black form.  Key features of the black Amphiprion ocellaris: Appearance: Jet-black body with three distinct white stripes on each side. They may have a splash of orange on their face, especially when young, which disappears as they mature.  Size: Reaches a maximum size of around 8 cm (3 inches).  Behavior: They are known for their symbiotic relationship with anemones, providing shelter and protection for the clownfish and cleaning the anemone. They are also territorial over their anemone home.  Care: They have the same care requirements as standard ocellaris clownfish. They need a well-established reef aquarium with a suitable host anemone, like the Bubble Tip anemone.  Diet: They are omnivores and readily accept frozen, live, pellet, and flake foods. 

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The Black Da Vinci Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is a captive-bred, designer variant of the popular False Percula clownfish. Renowned for its artistic, paint-stroke-like white patterns set against a jet-black body, this hardy marine fish combines unique aesthetics with the peaceful temperament and easy care of the standard ocellaris.  Appearance: Features a stark black body (stemming from Darwin and black ocellaris lines) adorned with soft, wavy, and often swirling merged white bands. The tail usually ends in a bold black dot surrounded by white, and the white patterns can spill over onto the dorsal and pectoral fins.  Grading: These fish are selectively bred and graded based on white pattern coverage. Grade A typically has fused white stripes on both sides of the body, while Extreme grades show highly erratic, connected trailing stripes with maximum white coloration.  Size & Growth: Reaches a maximum adult length of about 3 inches (7.5 cm), with females typically growing larger than males. Lifespan: Can live between 10 and 15 years in a well-maintained home aquarium.  Minimum Tank Size: 20 gallons for a single specimen or a juvenile pair; 30 gallons or more is ideal to allow for natural territorial movement. Temperament: Peaceful and relatively docile, though they can display mild aggression when establishing territory or pairing up. They are 100% reef safe and will not nip at corals or invertebrates.  Diet: Omnivorous; they readily accept high-quality marine flakes, pellets, and various frozen foods like mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and ocean plankton. Host Anemones: While they do not strictly require an anemone to thrive in captivity, they can easily form symbiotic relationships with popular host anemones like the Bubble-Tip Anemone (Entacmaea quadricolor).

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The Black Storm clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is a designer strain of the Ocellaris clownfish, known for its striking black and white coloration. It features a predominantly black body with irregular, bold white markings, creating a marbled or "stormy" appearance. These markings, along with a white face and black eyes, make each fish unique.  Here's a more detailed description: Coloration: The Black Storm clownfish is characterized by a predominantly black body with varying degrees of white markings. These white markings can appear as bars, spots, or a marbled pattern, making each fish's appearance unique.  Facial Features: The face is typically white, contrasting with the black body, and the fish has black eyes.  Designer Strain: The Black Storm is a specific strain bred by aquarists, resulting in a visually appealing and sought-after variant of the Ocellaris clownfish.  Behavior: Like other Ocellaris clownfish, Black Storm clownfish are generally peaceful and adaptable to captive environments. They are also known to establish relationships with their host anemones or other substitutes.  Care: Black Storm clownfish, like other Ocellaris clownfish, are relatively easy to care for in a well-maintained saltwater aquarium. They require a 20+ gallon tank, live rock for hiding, and a moderate water flow.  Diet: They can be fed aquarium pellets, flakes, and various frozen foods like Mysis shrimp and brine shrimp. 

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