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Price per 1 polyp Discosoma sp. ferugata refers to a specific variety of mushroom coral with a vibrant green color, often described as a "metallic" or "fluorescent" green. They are known for their mushroom-like appearance and relatively low care requirements, making them a popular choice for reef aquariums.  Here's a more detailed description: Appearance: Discosoma sp. Electric Green are known for their distinctive green color, often described as a vibrant or metallic hue. They have a disc-shaped appearance and can grow to be quite large, up to 4 inches in diameter, .  Care: They are generally easy to care for, preferring low to moderate lighting and water flow. They are also relatively tolerant of different water parameters.  Habitat: Discosoma sp. are naturally found in warm waters throughout the Indo-Pacific, Caribbean, and tropical West Atlantic. They can be found in a variety of reef habitats, including intertidal zones and sheltered reefs.  Feeding: They primarily feed on the products of their symbiotic zooxanthellae, but can also supplement their diet with dissolved organic matter and particulate matter from the water column. Some may also eat small fish or food particles.  Other notes: Discosoma sp. are a part of the Corallimorpharia order, which is also related to sea anemones.They are often referred to as "mushroom corals" due to their shape.

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Mespilia globulus, commonly known as the Globular Sea Urchin, is a small, spherical sea urchin found in tropical shallow reef habitats. It's characterized by its radially symmetrical, globe-shaped body and relatively small spines, usually brown, red, or dark in color. This sea urchin can grow up to 5 cm in diameter and is known for its algae-eating habits.  Here's a more detailed description: Size and Shape: The Globular Sea Urchin is small, with a maximum diameter of about 5 cm. Its body is spherical, making it resemble a small, spiny ball.  Spines: It has relatively short spines, which can grow up to 2 cm long. These spines are typically brown, red, or dark in color.  Habitat: Mespilia globulus is found in shallow, tropical reef habitats.  Diet: It is a herbivore, primarily feeding on algae at night.  Behavior: During the day, it often hides on rocks or in crevices, emerging at night to graze on algae. It also exhibits a unique covering behavior, using sponges, shells, and algae.  Appearance: The urchin's radial symmetry and short spines are distinguishing features.  Other Names: It is also known as the Sphere Sea Urchin or the Tuxedo Urchin

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Rochia nilotica, commonly called the commercial top shell, is a marine gastropod mollusk. It's a sizable, heavy, and conical sea snail, with a shell length ranging from 50mm to 165mm and a diameter of 100mm to 120mm . The shell is thick, has an off-white color with irregular axial reddish stripes, and is found in marine environments like tropical reefs.  Here's a more detailed description: Shape: The shell is conical and subperforate, meaning it has a circular opening at the apex.  Size: It can reach lengths of 50mm to 165mm and diameters of 100mm to 120mm.  Color: The shell is off-white with large, irregular reddish stripes.  Surface: The body whorl is smooth, with concave sides above a protruding, acutely rounded, and thickened periphery .  Other features: The base of the shell is flat and marked with shallow spiral ridges. The aperture (opening) is square-shaped.  Habitat: It is found in marine environments, particularly tropical reefs.  Rochia nilotica is considered a commercially important species, both as a food source and a source of mother-of-pearl for jewelry and buttons. It is also known as a trochus shell or topshell

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Salarias fasciatus, commonly known as the jewelled blenny or lawnmower blenny, is a small, camouflaged fish typically found in marine environments. They are characterized by their olive to brown coloration, with numerous dark bars and white spots, and a tendency to blend in with rocks and coral. They can reach a maximum length of 5.5 inches (14 cm).  Here's a more detailed description: Size and Shape: Salarias fasciatus is a relatively small fish, reaching a maximum length of 14 cm (5.5 inches). They have an elongated body shape, with a distinctively fatter body than head.  Coloration and Patterns: They exhibit a mottled or sandy color, often with dark bars, pale spots, and streaks. Some individuals may also have fine blue spots with dark outlines along their rear body.  Fin Structure: Their dorsal and anal fins are attached to the base of the caudal fin by a membrane. Adult males have elongated anterior rays on the anal fin.  Camouflage: Their coloration and patterns are adapted for blending in with their surroundings, allowing them to camouflage with rocks, coral, and rubble.  Diet: While often called "lawnmower blennies" due to their algae-eating habits, they are primarily detritivores, with algae making up only a small part of their diet.  Behavior: They are known for their personality and habit of "transfixing" onlookers with their large orbital eyes while exploring their environment. 

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The bluestreak cleaner wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus) is one of several species of cleaner wrasses found on coral reefs from Eastern Africa and the Red Sea to French Polynesia. Like other cleaner wrasses, it eats parasites and dead tissue off larger fishes' skin in a mutualistic relationship that provides food and protection for the wrasse, and considerable health benefits for the other fishes. It is also notable for having potentially passed the mirror test, though this is not without controversy. Taxonomy A genetic analysis of L. dimidiatus revealed the population fell into two monophyletic clades, with Indian Ocean populations generally having different stripe widths to western Pacific fishes. The Japanese cleaner wrasses, though, fell within the same group as Indian Ocean fish, despite differing in appearance, and both clades overlap around Papua New Guinea.Two closely related cleaner wrasse species, Labroides pectoralis and Labroides bicolor, were grouped inside the L. dimidiatus clade, so the bluestreak cleaner wrasse may in fact be polyphyletic, incorporating several species. Description  This is a small wrasse, averaging 10 cm (3.9 in) long, at most 14 cm (5.5 in). It can be recognized thanks to a wide longitudinal black stripe running along the side and eye; the back and the stomach are white (sometimes slightly yellowish). This white part changes to a bright blue on the front of the animal, while the black band widens at the tail. The young are black with an electric blue line. Distribution The bluestreak cleaner wrasse is found on coral reefs in the tropics from the Red Sea and Indian Ocean to the western Pacific (including Papua New Guinea, Japan, Fiji, and French Polynesia).[5] It was first recorded from the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve north of New Zealand in 2015, after researchers examined hundreds of hours of unused documentary film footage. Cleaning Cleaner wrasses are usually found at cleaning stations. Cleaning stations are occupied by different units of cleaner wrasses, such as a group of youths, a pair of adults, or a group of females accompanied by a dominant male. When visitors come near the cleaning stations, the cleaner wrasses greet the visitors by performing a dance-like motion in which they move their rear up and down.The visitors are referred to as "clients". Bluestreak cleaner wrasses clean to consume ectoparasites on client fish for food. The bigger fish recognise them as cleaner fish because they have a lateral stripe along the length of their bodies, and by their movement patterns. Cleaner wrasses greet visitors in an effort to secure the food source and cleaning opportunity with the client. Upon recognising the cleaner and successfully soliciting its attention, the client fish adopts a species-specific pose to allow the cleaner access to its body surface, gills and sometimes mouth.[citation needed] Other fish that engage in such cleaning behavior include goby fish (Elacatinus spp.) The bluestreak cleaner wrasse is known to clean balaenopteridae, chondrichthyans, homaridae, octopodidae, and dermochelyidae In different regions, the bluestreak cleaner wrasse displays various degrees of dependency on clients' ectoparasites as a primary food source. In tidal environments such as the Great Barrier Reef, the bluestreak cleaner wrasse is a facultative cleaner that feeds more on corals than on fish clientele.Juvenile bluestreak cleaners are seen to bite their clients more often than the adults within that region, thus changing the dynamic of the known mutualistic relationship.However, in regions where the bluestreak cleaners are solely dependent on clients' parasites, fish who have access to cleaning services have better body condition than those without cleaner access. In the Marsa Bareika of the Ras Mohamed Nature Reserve, Egypt, the bluestreak cleaner wrasse live in specific sectors of the shallow reefs and are shown to rely on ectoparasites from species such as the brown surgeonfish and white belly damselfish. In this region, fish that visit cleaner wrasses have lower antibody responses than those without cleaner access, suggesting that cleaner access may decrease the need for active immunity. Reproduction Cleaner wrasse males defend specific living territories from other males in which they are able to have control over the females in those territories. When the dominant male no longer exists in that territory, one of the larger females is able to change sexes to take control over that territory.

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Lysmata debelius is a species of cleaner shrimp indigenous to the Indo-Pacific. It is popular in the aquarium trade, where it is known as the fire shrimp, blood shrimp or scarlet cleaner shrimp. Lysmata debelius grows up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in) long, with males and functional hermaphrodites appearing similar. It has a red body, with conspicuous white antennae and white tips to the third to fifth pereiopods. There are white dots on the cephalothorax and legs; white dots on the abdomen distinguish L. splendida from L. debelius.] Lysmata debelius is one of a group of species in the genus Lysmata that has the role of a cleaner shrimp in reef ecosystems, alongside L. amboinensis, L. grabhami and L. splendida.[5] It is a popular aquarium pet. Lysmata debelius is a hermaphrodite and therefore any two individuals may mate. The hatching of eggs, moulting, and copulation cycle is identical to that of L. wurdemanni, yielding weekly batches of zoeae from each pair.

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Lysmata amboinensis is an omnivorous shrimp species known by several common names including the Pacific cleaner shrimp. It is considered a cleaner shrimp as eating parasites and dead tissue from fish makes up a large part of its diet. The species is a natural part of the coral reef ecosystem and is widespread across the tropics typically living at depths of 5–40 metres (16–131 ft). Lysmata amboinensis can reach a body length of 5–6 centimetres (2.0–2.4 in) and have long white antennae. Mature shrimp are pale in colour with longitudinal bands on their carapace; one central white band with wider scarlet red bands on either side. The shrimp has a long larval stage and unusual sexual maturation, initially being male but becoming a functional hermaphrodite once mature. Lysmata amboinensis is popular in home and public aquaria where it is commonly referred to as the skunk cleaner shrimp; this is due to its striking colours, peaceful nature, and useful symbiotic cleaning relationship which can also be witnessed in captivity. Adult shrimp can reach a body length of 5–6 centimetres (2.0–2.4 in) with two pairs of long white antennae. The body and legs are pale amber in colour with longitudinal bands on the carapace: one central white band is flanked by wider scarlet red bands. There are several symmetrical white spots on the red tail. The most anterior antennae fork into two making the shrimp appear to have three pairs of antennae. As with all decapods there are 10 pairs of walking legs, with the most anterior pair having forceps (pincers). Anterior to the walking legs are a pair of white maxillipeds used for feeding. Underneath the thorax behind the walking legs are paired pleopods (swimmerets) used for swimming and brooding eggs.[Lysmata amboinesis have a pair of stalked eyes though experiments suggest they have coarse vision and are colour blind; this low spatial resolution makes it unlikely they can see the striking patterns of other shrimps or tropical fish. Distribution and habita Lysmata amboinensis is native to coral reefs across the tropics including the Red Sea and the Indo-Pacific Ocean. They live on tropical coral reefs between depths of 5–40 metres (16–131 ft) and are typically found in caves or reef ledges. Life cycle Lysmata amboinesis lay eggs which the adult shrimp keep attached to their pleopods. The early larvae are called nauplii which hatch into more developed larvae called zoeae and go through a free-floating planktonic stage. During this time they feed on other plankton and moult through 14 identified stages growing to approximately 2 centimetres (0.79 in) in length over 5–6 months. At this point the larvae will settle and metamorphose into a more mature form, though not yet the adult state. This is achieved after several moults which occur every 3–8 weeks. Each shrimp starts out as a male, but after a few moults will become a hermaphrodite allowing them to function as both male and female in interactions with another shrimp; these shrimp have no pure female form. This form of sexual maturation is scientifically described as 'protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism' and is unique to Lysmata shrimp amongst other decapod crustaceans. In one spawning, adult shrimp will lay between 200–500 eggs which are initially attached to the pleopods and are greenish in colour; the eggs swell and lighten in colour before hatching and a few will turn silver on the day of hatching. The eggs hatch around dusk releasing 3–4 millimetres (0.12–0.16 in) long larvae into the free-floating pelagic zone. Behaviour Lysmata amboinesis do not live in large groups, more often in pairs, and while omnivorous it is believed they derive much of their nutrition from cleaning parasites and dead tissue from fish. Their mating behaviour has been observed in captivity where it involves little ritual: a pair of fully mature hermaphroditic shrimp will alternate moulting timing, mating occurs shortly following a moult when one shrimp acting as the male will follow the other acting as the female which will brood the fertilised eggs; when the next shrimp moults the roles, and therefore apparent sex, will reverse. In captivity L. amboinesis have been seen to be socially monogamous showing such aggression that if they are kept in groups of more than 2 individuals one pair will kill the rest. While they are not generally seen in large groups in the wild it is unknown if they are socially monogamous in their natural environment. Symbiosis Lysmata amboinesis, like other cleaner shrimp, has a symbiotic relationship with 'client' fish in which both organisms benefit; the shrimp gain a meal from eating parasites living on large fish and the clients benefit from the removal of parasites. Cleaning organisms including shrimp and fish can congregate in one location on a reef in what is called a "cleaning station" which fish will visit when required; cleaning shrimp perform a rocking dance from side to side to signal their services when fish approach. Removal of parasites under captive conditions happens mainly at night though it is unknown whether this is due to shrimp or host fish behaviour.Additionally, cleaning services provided by the shrimp aid wound healing of injured fish supporting the symbiosis hypothesis. L. amboinesis is also commonly found living in caves with their client fish, such as moray eels, providing the shrimp with protection from predators. Because of the benefits of cleaner shrimp to the fish they clean, Lysmata amboinensis and other species have been suggested as potentially useful to aquaculture. Common name Lysmata amboinesis within the marine aquarium trade is commonly referred to as the skunk cleaner shrimp, white-banded cleaner shrimp or scarlet cleaner shrimp due to its appearance, however this last name is also sometimes used for Lysmata debelius. In the aquarium Many species of Lysmata, including L. amboinesis, are commonly kept in salt water aquaria; they are safe and beneficial since they will clean both the tank and fish but not harm corals. For these reasons they are often kept in both home and public aquaria for educational purposes, sometimes in 'touch pools' which allow visitors to put their hand in the water so the shrimp will clean their hand. Despite significant efforts L. amboinesis remains difficult to culture in captivity, though adults will regularly spawn eggs. The cycle from spawning to adult form takes approximately 6 months during which time the vast majority of larvae die. As such most shrimps sold in the aquarium industry are wild-caught, this has led to concern about the negative effects of their removal on natural reefs though there is currently no evidence of an effect.

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Micromussa, formerly known as Acanthastrea, are large polyp stony (LPS) corals popular in reef aquariums. They are known for their vibrant colors and relatively easy care requirements. Two common species are Micromussa lordhowensis (formerly Acanthastrea lordhowensis) and Micromussa amakusensis, distinguished by polyp size, with lords having larger polyps.  General Characteristics: Colonial: Micromussa form colonies of individual polyps, often with a massive, cerioid (forming a tight, even surface) structure.  Corallites: The individual polyp cups (corallites) vary in size, with lords having larger corallites than micros.  Septa: The septa (radiating plates within the corallite) are prominent, sometimes with beaded edges or teeth.  Columella: The central structure within the corallite (columella) can be well-developed or poorly developed.  Fleshy Tissue: A thick, fleshy mantle often covers the skeleton, sometimes with papillae (small projections).  Color: Micromussa display a wide range of colors, including red, orange, purple, blue, and green, often with contrasting colors in the corallite walls.  Specific Species: Micromussa lordhowensis: Known for its large corallites (up to 15mm) and varied color patterns, often with two contrasting shades.  Micromussa amakusensis: Has smaller, angular corallites and is often found with a thick fleshy mantle covered in papillae.  Care Requirements: Lighting: Micromussa generally prefer low to moderate lighting conditions, with some species being susceptible to bleaching or color changes from intense light.  Water Flow: Moderate flow is recommended to prevent detritus buildup while still allowing the coral to extend its tentacles for feeding.  Feeding: Micromussa are opportunistic feeders and benefit from target feeding with meaty foods like mysis shrimp, krill, or small pellets.  Placement: Due to their potential for aggression and long sweeper tentacles, Micromussa should be given ample space and kept away from other corals.  Acclimation: Proper acclimation is crucial when introducing new Micromussa to an aquarium.  Aggression: Micromussa can be aggressive towards other corals, so adequate spacing is important. 

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Lobophyllia corals are large polyp stony (LPS) corals known for their vibrant colors and distinctive, fleshy polyps that can retract into stony cups called corallites. These corals are typically found in reef environments throughout the Indo-Pacific region and are popular in the aquarium hobby due to their appearance and moderate care requirements.  Key Characteristics: Growth Form: Lobophyllia corals can grow into hemispherical or flattened mounds, sometimes forming large, composite colonies.  Corallites: They have prominent corallites, which are the stony cups that house the individual polyps. These can be either phaceloid (tubular and growing from a common base) or flabello-meandroid (arranged in valleys).  Polyps: The polyps are large and fleshy, with a thick mantle that often obscures the underlying corallite structure.  Septa: Each corallite contains septa, which are vertical blades that have sharp, tooth-like projections.  Coloration: Lobophyllia corals exhibit a wide range of colors, including shades of gray, pink, violet, and yellowish-brown, sometimes with contrasting patterns.  Habitat: They are found on coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific, from shallow reef slopes to deeper areas.  Aquarium Keeping: Lobophyllia corals are moderately challenging to keep in aquariums and are considered a popular choice for reef tanks.  Specific Examples: Lobophyllia corymbosa: Forms flat sheets or hemispherical domes, with individual lobes united at their bases. Its corallites have distinct walls and numerous radiating septa.  Lobophyllia hemprichii: Can form large, hemispherical or flattened mounds, sometimes with multiple colonies growing together. Its corallites can be phaceloid or flabello-meandroid.  Lobophyllia flabelliformis: Known for its flabello-meandroid growth form, with closely compacted elongate valleys. 

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Symphyllia is a genus of large polyp stony (LPS) corals, characterized by their massive, dome-shaped or flat colonies with meandroid (brain-like) corallites. These corals are known for their diverse colors and patterns, often with contrasting colors between valley floors and walls. While the genus name Symphyllia is no longer taxonomically valid, with most species now classified under Lobophyllia, it's still used for CITES purposes.  Key characteristics of Symphyllia: Colony Shape: Typically massive, dome-shaped, or flat, with meandroid valleys.  Corallites: Flabello-meandroid (brain-like), with ridges separating valleys, often with contrasting colors.  Polyps: Each corallite houses multiple polyps, indicated by the many mouth openings.  Color: Wide range of colors, often mottled, with contrasting colors between valley floors and walls.  Tentacles: They have long sweeper tentacles that can extend to sting other corals.  Habitat: Found on reef slopes and in protected areas of reefs.  Taxonomy: While the genus Symphyllia is no longer valid, it's still used for CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) purposes, and many species have been reassigned to Lobophyllia.  Examples of Symphyllia species: Symphyllia valenciennesi (now often classified under Lobophyllia), Symphyllia wilsoni (now often classified under Australophyllia), Symphyllia radians, Symphyllia agaricia, and Symphyllia recta.  Distinguishing Symphyllia from Lobophyllia: Corallite Size and Structure: Symphyllia species generally have larger, more branched corallites with more mouth openings compared to Lobophyllia. Valley Ridges: Symphyllia corallites often exhibit ridges dividing the interior surface (like a brain coral), while Lobophyllia corallites are often more separated. 

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  Micromussa, formerly known as Acanthastrea, is a popular large polyp stony (LPS) coral in the reef aquarium hobby, known for its vibrant colors and relative hardiness. Two commonly seen species are Micromussa lordhowensis and Micromussa amakusensis, distinguished by polyp size. They thrive in low to moderate light and moderate water flow, benefit from target feeding, and can be aggressive, so they need space from other corals.  Key characteristics of Micromussa corals: Colony Formation: Micromussa forms massive, cerioid (closely packed, adjoining corallites) colonies.  Corallites: The individual corallites (the structures housing the polyps) are typically circular or angular, and vary in size depending on the species. For example, M. lordhowensis has larger corallites than M. amakusensis.  Septa: The septa (walls within the corallites) are thick and beaded or toothed.  Columella: The columella (a central structure within the corallite) is typically poorly developed.  Fleshy Tissue: Micromussa colonies have a thick fleshy mantle, sometimes covered with fine papillae (small projections).  Color: Micromussa corals exhibit a wide range of colors, including red, orange, purple, blue, and green, often with contrasting colors in the corallite walls and fleshy tissue.  Aggression: Micromussa corals can be aggressive, extending sweeper tentacles to sting neighboring corals.  Care requirements: Lighting: Micromussa corals generally prefer low to moderate light, as intense lighting can cause color changes.  Water Flow: Moderate water flow is recommended, enough to prevent detritus buildup but not so strong as to damage the coral or prevent polyp extension.  Feeding: Micromussa corals readily accept meaty foods like mysis shrimp and brine shrimp, and can also be target-fed with small pellets.  Space: Due to their aggressive nature, Micromussa corals need to be provided with adequate space away from other corals.  In summary, Micromussa corals are attractive, relatively hardy additions to reef aquariums, requiring specific lighting, flow, and feeding, as well as careful consideration of their aggressive tendencies.   

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